კონფერენცია

∘ Nino Gomelauri ∘
GEORGIA IN THE THIRD PERIOD OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION

Summary

The article deals with the history of infectious diseases and parameters of the results of pandemics in Georgia. According to the theory of the third epidemiologic transition, we discuss changes between the indicators of mortality and morbidity. As reported by the concept of the American demographer Abdel Orman, in terms of history epidemiologic transition depicts complex changes of the characteristics of population’s state of health and morbidity, as well as their inter-relationship with demographic, economic and social determinants and consequences. During the first stage of the epidemiologic transition, infectious diseases caused by exogamous factors are prevalent among the reasons of mortality. The second epidemiological transition started during 1800s, when as a result of industrialization and urbanization, societal wealth increased together with significant improvement of sanitary conditions and life standard. Endogamous factors gradually occupied leading position among the causes of death. In consequence of achievements in the sphere of medicine and measures undertaken in the field of public healthcare, the risk of death from infectious diseases decreased and the risk of dying of degenerative diseases (cardiovascular, oncological, metabolic, etc. disorders) grew. From the middle of 1990s one witnessed a drastic reduction of death from infectious diseases, as opposed to a substantial increase of chronic, non-communicable diseases. Life expectancy went up to the age of 70 and higher. Since 1960s mortality rate decreased among middle-aged as well as elderly people. These changes were determined by decline in behavioral risk factors and by technological achievements in medicine. In the 21^st century, we again see a renewed increase of infectious diseases. The spread of the mentioned ailments is connected with globalization, human migration and simplification of travel. Scientists call this period the third epidemiologic transition.

The analysis of the recent years’ statistical data, linked with infectious diseases, indicates that in terms of control of the infectious diseases’ spread the country did not face any significant setbacks and it successfully copes with certain challenges. With regard to the share of the deceased individuals according to the main classes of ailments, the largest share of the dead falls on the diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasms. The share of other ailments is substantially lower in comparison with the above-mentioned ones.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific C O N F E R E N C E S "ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"

E ISSN 2587 - 4691	∘ Nino Gomelauri ∘ GEORGIA IN THE THIRD PERIOD OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION Summary The article deals with the history of infectious diseases and parameters of the results of pandemics in Georgia. According to the theory of the third epidemiologic transition, we discuss changes between the indicators of mortality and morbidity. As reported by the concept of the American demographer Abdel Orman, in terms of history epidemiologic transition depicts complex changes of the characteristics of population’s state of health and morbidity, as well as their inter-relationship with demographic, economic and social determinants and consequences. During the first stage of the epidemiologic transition, infectious diseases caused by exogamous factors are prevalent among the reasons of mortality. The second epidemiological transition started during 1800s, when as a result of industrialization and urbanization, societal wealth increased together with significant improvement of sanitary conditions and life standard. Endogamous factors gradually occupied leading position among the causes of death. In consequence of achievements in the sphere of medicine and measures undertaken in the field of public healthcare, the risk of death from infectious diseases decreased and the risk of dying of degenerative diseases (cardiovascular, oncological, metabolic, etc. disorders) grew. From the middle of 1990s one witnessed a drastic reduction of death from infectious diseases, as opposed to a substantial increase of chronic, non-communicable diseases. Life expectancy went up to the age of 70 and higher. Since 1960s mortality rate decreased among middle-aged as well as elderly people. These changes were determined by decline in behavioral risk factors and by technological achievements in medicine. In the 21^st century, we again see a renewed increase of infectious diseases. The spread of the mentioned ailments is connected with globalization, human migration and simplification of travel. Scientists call this period the third epidemiologic transition. The analysis of the recent years’ statistical data, linked with infectious diseases, indicates that in terms of control of the infectious diseases’ spread the country did not face any significant setbacks and it successfully copes with certain challenges. With regard to the share of the deceased individuals according to the main classes of ailments, the largest share of the dead falls on the diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasms. The share of other ailments is substantially lower in comparison with the above-mentioned ones.